definedPressureSwirl.C

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#include "definedPressureSwirl.H"
#include <OpenFOAM/addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H>
#include <OpenFOAM/mathematicalConstants.H>

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

namespace Foam
{

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

defineTypeNameAndDebug(definedPressureSwirlInjector, 0);

addToRunTimeSelectionTable
(
    injectorModel,
    definedPressureSwirlInjector,
    dictionary
);


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

// Construct from components
definedPressureSwirlInjector::definedPressureSwirlInjector
(
    const dictionary& dict,
    spray& sm
)
:
    injectorModel(dict, sm),
    definedPressureSwirlInjectorDict_(dict.subDict(typeName + "Coeffs")),

    coneAngle_(definedPressureSwirlInjectorDict_.lookup("ConeAngle")),
    coneInterval_(definedPressureSwirlInjectorDict_.lookup("ConeInterval")),
    maxKv_(definedPressureSwirlInjectorDict_.lookup("maxKv")),

    angle_(0.0)
{

    scalar referencePressure = sm.p().average().value();

    // correct velocityProfile
    forAll(sm.injectors(), i)
    {
        sm.injectors()[i].properties()->correctProfiles(sm.fuels(), referencePressure);
    }

}


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

definedPressureSwirlInjector::~definedPressureSwirlInjector()
{}


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

scalar definedPressureSwirlInjector::d0
(
    const label n, 
    const scalar t
) const
{
    const injectorType& it = injectors_[n].properties();

    scalar c = rndGen_.scalar01();
    scalar coneAngle = it.getTableValue(coneAngle_, t);
    scalar coneInterval = it.getTableValue(coneInterval_, t);
    angle_ = coneAngle ;
    
//  modifications to take account of flash boiling....

    const liquidMixture& fuels = sm_.fuels();
    scalar chi = 0.0;
    scalar Tinj = it.T(t);
    label Nf = fuels.components().size();  
    scalar temperature = sm_.ambientTemperature();
    scalar pressure = sm_.ambientPressure();
    
          
    for(label i = 0; i < Nf ; i++)
    {
    
        if(fuels.properties()[i].pv(sm_.ambientPressure(), Tinj) >= 0.999*sm_.ambientPressure())
        {

//          The fuel is boiling.....
//          Calculation of the boiling temperature            
            
            scalar tBoilingSurface = Tinj ;
                        
            label Niter = 200;
            
            for(label k=0; k< Niter ; k++)
            {

                scalar pBoil = fuels.properties()[i].pv(pressure, tBoilingSurface);
                    
                if(pBoil > pressure)
                {
                    tBoilingSurface = tBoilingSurface - (Tinj-temperature)/Niter;   
                }
                else
                {
                    break;
                }

            }
            
            scalar hl = fuels.properties()[i].hl(sm_.ambientPressure(), tBoilingSurface);
            scalar iTp = fuels.properties()[i].h(sm_.ambientPressure(), Tinj) - sm_.ambientPressure()/fuels.properties()[i].rho(sm_.ambientPressure(), Tinj);
            scalar iTb = fuels.properties()[i].h(sm_.ambientPressure(), tBoilingSurface) - sm_.ambientPressure()/fuels.properties()[i].rho(sm_.ambientPressure(), tBoilingSurface);
            
            chi += it.X()[i]*(iTp-iTb)/hl;
                   
        }
    }    
    
    //  bounding chi
    
    chi = max(chi, 0.0);
    chi = min(chi, 1.0);
    
    angle_ = angle_ + (144.0 - angle_) * sqr(chi) + 2.0 * coneInterval * (0.5 - c);

//  end modifications

    angle_ *= mathematicalConstant::pi/360.0;

    scalar injectedMassFlow = it.massFlowRate(t);
    
    scalar cosAngle = cos(angle_);   

    scalar rhoFuel = sm_.fuels().rho(sm_.ambientPressure(), it.T(t), it.X()); 
    scalar injectorDiameter = it.d();  
     
    scalar deltaPressure = deltaPressureInj(t,n);
    
    scalar kV = kv(n, injectedMassFlow, deltaPressure, t);
    
    scalar v = kV * sqrt(2.0*deltaPressure/rhoFuel);    

    u_ = v * cosAngle;
    
    scalar A = injectedMassFlow/(mathematicalConstant::pi*rhoFuel*u_);

/*

    TL
    The formula for the sheet tickness proposed by the authors is,
    in my opinion, "strange".....
    I modified it multiplying the sheet tickness for the cone angle cosinus.

*/

    scalar angleT = angle_;
    return (injectorDiameter-sqrt(pow(injectorDiameter,2.0)-4.0*A))*cos(angleT)/2.0;         

//  original implementation

/*
    return (injectorDiameter-sqrt(pow(injectorDiameter,2)-4.0*A))/2.0;
*/

    
}

vector definedPressureSwirlInjector::direction
(
    const label n,
    const label hole,
    const scalar time,
    const scalar d
) const
{

    scalar alpha = sin(angle_);
    scalar dcorr = cos(angle_);
    scalar beta = 2.0*mathematicalConstant::pi*rndGen_.scalar01();

    // randomly distributed vector normal to the injection vector
    vector normal = vector::zero;
    
    if (sm_.twoD())
    {
        scalar reduce = 0.01;
        // correct beta if this is a 2D run
        // map it onto the 'angleOfWedge'

        beta *= (1.0-2.0*reduce)*sm_.angleOfWedge()/(2.0*mathematicalConstant::pi);
        beta += reduce*sm_.angleOfWedge();
        normal = alpha*
        (
            sm_.axisOfWedge()*cos(beta) +
            sm_.axisOfWedgeNormal()*sin(beta)
        );
    }
    else
    {
        normal = alpha*
        (
            injectors_[n].properties()->tan1(hole)*cos(beta) +
            injectors_[n].properties()->tan2(hole)*sin(beta)
        );
    }
    
    // set the direction of injection by adding the normal vector
    vector dir = dcorr*injectors_[n].properties()->direction(hole, time) + normal;
    dir /= mag(dir);

    return dir;
}


scalar definedPressureSwirlInjector::velocity
(
    const label i,
    const scalar time
) const
{
    return u_*sqrt(1.0 + pow(tan(angle_),2.0));
}

scalar definedPressureSwirlInjector::averageVelocity
(
    const label i
) const
{    

    const injectorType& it = sm_.injectors()[i].properties();

    scalar dt = it.teoi() - it.tsoi();

    scalar injectedMassFlow = it.mass()/(it.teoi()-it.tsoi());

    scalar injectionPressure = averagePressure(i);

    scalar Tav = it.integrateTable(it.T())/dt;
    scalar rhoFuel = sm_.fuels().rho(sm_.ambientPressure(), Tav, it.X());  

    scalar kV = kv(i, injectedMassFlow, injectionPressure, 0);

    return  kV*sqrt(2.0*(injectionPressure-sm_.ambientPressure())/rhoFuel);

}


scalar definedPressureSwirlInjector::kv
(
    const label inj,
    const scalar massFlow,
    const scalar dPressure,
    const scalar t
) const
{

    const injectorType& it = injectors_[inj].properties();

    scalar coneAngle = it.getTableValue(coneAngle_, t);

    coneAngle *= mathematicalConstant::pi/360.0;

    scalar cosAngle = cos(coneAngle);
    scalar Tav = it.integrateTable(it.T())/(it.teoi()-it.tsoi());

    scalar rhoFuel = sm_.fuels().rho(sm_.ambientPressure(), Tav, it.X()); 
    scalar injectorDiameter = it.d();  
     
    scalar kv = max
    (
        it.getTableValue(maxKv_, t), 
        4.0*massFlow
        *
        sqrt(rhoFuel/2.0/dPressure)
        /
        (mathematicalConstant::pi*pow(injectorDiameter, 2.0)*rhoFuel*cosAngle)
    );

    return min(1.0,kv);   
}




scalar definedPressureSwirlInjector::deltaPressureInj(const scalar time, const label inj) const
{
    return injectors_[inj].properties()->injectionPressure(time) - sm_.ambientPressure();   
}

scalar definedPressureSwirlInjector::averagePressure(const label inj) const
{

    const injectorType& it = sm_.injectors()[inj].properties();

    scalar dt = it.teoi() - it.tsoi();
    return it.integrateTable(it.injectionPressureProfile())/dt;
}

} // End namespace Foam

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